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Tierra del Fuego—literally ''Fire Land'', formerly ''Isla de Xativa''〔(Tierra de Fuego, antes «Isla de Xativa» )〕 and also known as Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego—is an island near the southern tip of South America from which it is separated by the Strait of Magellan. The western portion of the island (29,484.7 km² and 61.43% of the island) is in Chile (Province of Tierra del Fuego and Antártica Chilena Province), while the eastern portion (18,507.3 km² and 38.57%) is in Argentina (Tierra del Fuego Province). It forms the major landmass in an extended group of islands or archipelago also known as Tierra del Fuego. The island has an area of 47,992 km², making it the 29th largest island in the world. Its two biggest towns are Ushuaia and Río Grande, both in Argentina, while its highest point is Monte Darwin (2,488 m), in Chile. Other towns are Tolhuin, Porvenir, Camerón, and Cerro Sombrero. The northern parts of the island have oil deposits; Cerro Sombrero in Chile is the main extraction centre in the island. In 1949 an earthquake occurred in the Chilean portion, near the Argentine border. Recorded as 7.8 on the Richter scale, it was the most powerful ever recorded in the south of Argentina.〔 Instituto Nacional de Prevención Sísmica. (''Listado de Terremotos Históricos'' ).gistering〕 ==Geography== Tierra del Fuego is bounded on the east by the South Atlantic, on the north by the Magellan Straits and on the south and west by a series of fjords and channels linked to the Pacific Ocean. One of the few prominent features of the northwest shore is San Sebastián Bay. To the south the island is bounded by the Beagle Channel, south of which lie a series of islands included in Chilean territory. To the west the island has two major inlets, Inútil Bay and Almirantazgo Fjord. The latter lies along the Magallanes–Fagnano Fault and is a continuation of the Cami Lake depression in southern Tierra del Fuego. The southwest part of the island, between the Almirantazgo Fjord and the Beagle Channel and extending west to end at Brecknock Peninsula on the Pacific Ocean, is mountainous with a heavily indented coastline, dominated by the Cordillera Darwin. Most of this part of the island is included in the Alberto de Agostini National Park of Chile. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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